The JTC was established on 1 June 1968 as a staturtory board to spearhead the development of Singapore's infrastructure. The rapid expansion of industrial estates and the growing complexity of managing and developing them called for the formation of a specialist agency. The JTC's primary roled was then to take over the EDB's function of developing and managing industrial estates.
The JTC's main responsibility is the development and management of industrial estates and sites in Singapore and overseas, and to support the nation's economic advancement. It is also tasked with the provision of social and reacreational amenities. To enable the industrial estates to function efficiently, ancillary services like roads, bridges, drainage, electricity, fresh water, industrial water, sewerage, telephone, port and warehousing facilities were also developed.